Asherman's syndrome, also known by the name intrauterine adhesions, is an acquired condition where there is formation of scar tissue (adhesions) in the uterus or in the cervix (opening to uterus). Intrauterine adhesions are scars that result from trauma to the uterus. Endometrium is lining of uterus that composed of two layers: the functional layer, which is the superficial and is shed every month during menstruation, and the underlying basal layer from which regenerates the functional layer. Myometrium is the layer below Endometrium.
In Asherman's syndrome, flat scar tissue replaces the functional endometrium which does not respond to hormones and causes changes in the menstrual cycle involving decrease in menstrual flow, cramping and abdominal pain increases, ultimately cessation of menstrual cycles (amenorrhea), and in some cases, it may results in infertility. Sometimes even parts of the myometrium are mistakably removed during surgery. Scarring may also develop without the formation of adhesions and is known as fibrosis.
